Mazda 626

1991-1998 of release

Repair and car operation

If you think of transition to a diesel engine, but do not know how to look after him the hands, at once we will tell what to support a diesel engine in a good condition it is absolutely not more difficult than the petrol engine...

Diesel cars are famous for the durability, but it at all does not mean what to show care of them it is not required.

The prices for second-hand diesel cars in the West fall. It is connected with that long time the sales volume of new diesel cars was very high and consequently in the market of second-hand cars now their large number. New diesel cars are much more expensive equivalent to them on parameters of petrol colleagues. Besides, passed that time when a diesel row habitual today for us was settled only by one model. Today producers in a condition to deliver on the market the diesel engines meeting the highest requirements.

Country regrets if the such are available are worthy in which diesel fuel costs equally with gasoline or even exceeds it. But even in this case you will be the winner, as at diesel cars, as a rule, higher service life but only provided that you will have a big annual run. Any economy it is impossible only at small annual run. You save on spark plugs though it is clear that when using spark plugs with periodicity of replacement of 60 thousand km the economy on them will be small. At the same time you will lose on more frequent replacement of oil and the filter.

Than involves a diesel engine?

Modern diesel cars are attractive by the ability to develop big force of draft on small turns, than are especially good for the drivers who are not liking too often to switch transfers. The majority of manufacturers is offered by diesel engines with a turbo-supercharging to give the chance to the owner to feel most all charm of the high-class car.

If you think of transition to a diesel engine, but do not know how to look after him the hands, at once we will tell what to support a diesel engine in a good condition it is absolutely not more difficult than the petrol engine, despite their distinctions. We offer you the short guide to purchase, operation and diesel engine service.

Mechanisms of the petrol and diesel engine a little than differ. The four-cycle cycle of burning of fuel is put in a basis of operation of both engines, but there is it at them in absolutely different ways.

While at petrol engines the toplivovozdushny mix ignites spark plugs, diesel fuel ignites as a result of very strong compression.

When the petrol engine soaks up air and gasoline on the first step, the diesel engine sucks in only air which is compressed to such an extent that its temperature rises to 800 ° Page. The heated air sets fire to diesel fuel which is injected into the chamber of combustion of the cylinder shortly before the piston reaches BMT on a compression step. As extent of compression at diesel engines is twice higher, than at petrol engines, injection of fuel should occur under very high pressure that it flew in the combustion chamber, and the stream of fuel kept formed it. Owing to an increased requirement to injection, the fuel pump of a high pressure of a diesel engine is especially vysokotochno the produced knot.

Why the diesel engine rustles?

Well familiar roar of a diesel engine is generated by ignition of fuel and the subsequent sharp recession of a high pressure in the combustion chamber. Most accurately the specific roar of a diesel engine is audible after start-up during engine warming up on single turns.

The diesel engine has no ignition system, but there is a system of prestarting warming up of chambers of combustion of cylinders by means of starting candles. Besides, times of a long provorachivaniye of the engine a starter and painful expectation when the control lamp of the completion of prestarting warming up will go out, passed long ago. Already many producers let out being fast-started diesel engines which start needs in the winter no more than pair of seconds. Some cars even have "the starting handle", which can be operated directly the fuel pump of a high pressure to change the injection moment, to accelerate warming up and to reduce smoke emission at start-up.

Care of a diesel engine

As the diesel engine pollutes oil in lubricant system quicker, than the petrol engine, the majority of producers of cars provide more frequent change of oil and the filter.

Special oils of diesel engines are widely available today and, judging by responses, are quite effective. However any high-quality engine oil for carburetor engines also will be suitable and for a diesel engine if only it to change through certain intervals. Read a label on bank in which the manufacturer usually instructs concerning diesel engines. If on this label will find nothing, look at a label on the container in which banks were packed.

At engines with the top cam-shaft it is necessary to replace a gear belt through the specified intervals. Otherwise piston impact with valves when the belt will suddenly tear is not excluded. Elimination of consequences of the last will demand from you considerable financial expenses. In practice already there were cases of break of belts with run to 48 thousand km, but there was it as a result of hit on them of oil or water because of depressurization respectively greasing and cooling systems. However, if you take in head to go, without changing a belt, after run of 58 thousand km, your unwillingness waste time on timely replacement of a belt can to turn back for you further considerably big expenses of time and money.

For replacement of the fuel filter buy best of available to you. Some filters can look outwardly well, but "it is bad to fulfill the direct duties". Do not forget to replace also a sealing ring on the filter case. Still we will note that on a diesel engine it is equally difficult to prevent as leakage of fuel, and подсос air in fuel system which strongly break operation of the engine.

If air gets in топливопроводы, removal can be demanded it from there via the special valve by means of the small manual pump which is usually mounted for these purposes on the fuel pump of a high pressure. Many modern diesel engines have the power supply systems self-deleting with air. It is necessary only крутануть the engine a starter, and air will be removed.

It is difficult to avoid that in the fuel filter moisture therefore for some diesel engines on the dashboard the alarm lamp informing on availability of water in fuel system is provided was not condensed.

Usually at replacement of oil it is required to check a filter condition only. However in case of car operation under trying conditions, such as the increased humidity and big differences between day and night temperatures to check a condition of filters follows a thicket.

All diesel engines on cold smoke, but it should not be excessive. One of the most widespread reasons of it is failure in the moment of supply of fuel the pump of a high pressure which is easily eliminated with a way of repeated adjustment of the moment of injection on labels on a cranked shaft and the pump. This work very much reminds adjustment of an initial corner of an advancing of ignition on the petrol engine. Operation can be made on the idle engine, however it is better to get for these purposes a special lamp for installation of the moment of injection on diesel engines which fastens a clip on a toplivopodvodyashchy tube of a nozzle and flashes under the influence of pushes of the fuel passing on a tube.

Other reason is podtekany fuels through nozzles with leaky closed toplivopodayushchy channel that can lead to cylinder overflow by fuel and, as a result, to an excessive dymleniye at start-up. Except the general cleaning of nozzles and replacement about 110 thousand km worn out at run, a little that it is possible to make in house conditions to check their work. Unless to remove them and to give to check on any control equipment.

New nozzles are not cheap, but you can save the considerable sum, having addressed on the station which is engaged in repair of diesel engines, and to calibrate nozzles at quite acceptable price. The price for service depends on an arrangement of station and existence of shops of spare parts round it.

However you in a condition to prolong service life of nozzles, keeping clean air soaked up by a diesel engine and fuel filters and by that to counteract pollution of nozzles. For these purposes it is necessary to fill in periodically in a fuel tank in a small amount special cleaners.

If to watch the fuel pump of a high pressure, it will be long and to function regularly. However we want to warn that its replacement – quite expensive invention.

Bad start-up and low acceleration performance of a diesel engine can be caused by many things: substandard starting candles, a contamination of channels of the fuel highways, bringing to pressure drop of supply of fuel, malfunction топливопроводов and even the wrong installation of nozzles. To determine badly working starting candles easy by how the control bulb of prestarting warming up long does not die away.

The provided table of possible defects on a diesel engine is made by Bosch firm, and we hope that it will help you to return your engine to a working order.

Talk to owners of diesel cars, and you will see that anybody from them and does not want to think of again to sit down at a wheel of the petrol car. Probably, there came also your turn if the diesel engine quite answers your inquiries.

Malfunctions of a diesel engine with fuel equipment of Bosch

The provided table of possible defects on a diesel engine is made by Bosch firm, and we hope that it will help you to return your engine to a working order.

The table of malfunctions and methods of their elimination on a diesel engine with fuel equipment of Bosch firm

Purchase of the second-hand engine

Be attentive upon purchase of a second-hand diesel engine. Diesel engines work long, but it does not mean that you should not examine all traditionally worn out places. On some engines it is very easy to disguise both duration of operation, and wear. At an assessment of a condition of such engine there is a danger "лопухнуться" if you badly understand diesel engines.

As well as petrol engines, should have a smokeless exhaust of a diesel engine. Besides, there should not be a smoke an open mouth of a maslozalivny tube on the heated-up engine. As the big shumnost, than to the petrol engine is peculiar to a diesel engine, you should distinguish working noise from knock of worn-out pistons, rods, a cam-shaft etc. If you have doubts in the relation of a condition of the engine, address for the help to professionals.

Turbodiesels are very popular, as the turbo-supercharging is well entered in diesel engine characteristics. Turbokompressora work with small pressure of pressurization and at small turns of the engine that provides with it longer, than at petrol engines service life. Turbodiesels excellently are suitable for tractors and multiton lorries.

However it is difficult to diesel automatic devices to correspond to inquiries of an automatic transmission because of the flat characteristic of a torque. Only few manufacturers are concerned this problem. Among them Citroen, Mercedes, Peugeot and Opel which have recently joined them, but also that they apply automatic transmissions only by cars of middle class.

Thanks to all of accruing popularity, on diesel engines do not look any more as at the poor relative, and on level of the furnish they completely correspond to the petrol colleagues.

Upon purchase pay attention to residual cost of a diesel engine. In due time diesel cars impulsed growth of sales volume of cars in Germany, but the peak of sales volume was reached four years ago and so far there is a gradual recession so be convinced that you do not overpay for honor to become the owner of a diesel car.

Check run. Diesel cars are bought up for their potentially high reliability and probably big run. Especially, when they are bought by the new. But it at all does not mean that you should not pay attention to the run counter. Really, many dealers do not like to deal with the cars which run passed for 80 thousand km and, respectively, adjust the price for them. Or, without philosophizing crafty, simply dump run on the counter. Run in 160 thousand km is quite natural to well served diesel engine, but think twice if the counter shows 320 thousand km or, especially, if this second-hand taxi with such run.

Except for the engine, the majority of diesel cars on the device are identical to the petrol colleagues, the same treats and suspension brackets, brakes, but consider the prices for spare parts. For example, exhaust systems serve long, but differ from similar petrol engines. And if you got used to buy spare parts from razborshchik of emergency cars, keep in mind that details of petrol engines can be outwardly similar and approach in the sizes, however the block of cylinders of a diesel engine differs from the similar block of the petrol engine and cannot be in most cases chosen as replacement. Transfer numbers of transmissions and coupling also differ.

Be healthy a diesel engine

The motor sneezed time, another and calmed down... Everyone who got to such situation, for certain knows, what swarm of questions is carried by in the head during unsuccessful attempts again to start "heart" "an iron horse". Owners of cars with diesel engines differ nothing from all other, however the reasons of troubles with diesel engines and ways of their elimination are in many respects specific for this purpose such as motors. Not to complicate to itself life, it is better to listen to councils of the professionals having solid practice in this area.

To them addressed and this time, having gathered mass of useful information and pretty simple in realization of a practical advice.

The biggest surprise appears that still yesterday the engine not delivering efforts suddenly at all refuses to "revive" while you hurry for work in the morning. If the such happened for the first time moreover is accompanied by a white exhaust, almost with full confidence it is possible to tell that glow plugs are guilty. By the way, the indicator on the dashboard quite can and be mistaken, arguing that with candles all oh, ky. For check one end of a wire is brought to accumulator "plus", and the second submits tension directly on candles. If the good spark thus slips (it easy to distinguish from bright flash of short circuit), the wire starts to be heated, and after that the motor is got, candles here at anything. The malfunction should be looked for in the electric chains submitting on them tension. Thus it is possible to check also the valve of supply of fuel.

And, at last, blame only itself if tried to get before the car straight off. The belt of the gas-distributing mechanism thus easily could slip through some teeths. To start the motor it is not possible and, probably, it is necessary to prepare for difficult and expensive repair of the engine.

As shows the experiment, other situation is very widespread also – the engine idles, and in attempt to add turns at once глохнет or stops, having slightly worked. Most likely, air got to fuel system. It is necessary to pay attention to an exhaust besides. In this case it, as a rule, white with a characteristic smell of diesel fuel. Depression in a stream of fuel can arise because of a zasor, say, a toplivozabornik or the fuel filter. More often fuel filter is hammered, and such troubles arise mostly during winter time.

As shows the experiment, other situation is very widespread also – the engine idles, and in attempt to add turns at once глохнет or stops, having slightly worked. Most likely, air got to fuel system. It is necessary to pay attention to an exhaust besides. In this case it, as a rule, white with a characteristic smell of diesel fuel. Depression in a stream of fuel can arise because of a zasor, say, a toplivozabornik or the fuel filter. More often fuel filter is hammered, and such troubles arise mostly during winter time.

Specialists of Tekhnodiesel firm advise to all to adhere to a rule which does not have exceptions: never to repair fuel filters. Various "washings", "blowings off", and other, allegedly restoring procedures, at the best simply will not give effect, and in the worst – still will aggravate situation. Fuel, passing through such "restored" filter, not only does not receive the put cleaning, but also washes away from the filter all dirt which has collected in it before. It quickly enough can put out of action the TNVD precision mechanism.

One more pseudo-help to the motor which "knowing" mechanics like to render, – installation of several fuel filters. From the point of view of achievement of unknown purity of diesel fuel of sense arriving in the engine in this multistage filtration is not present. Firms manufacturers of diesel cars carry out exact calculations of productivity of filters which prove to be true the whole series of tests therefore he should trust. Additional filters are not simply useless, and are harmful. They create excessive resistance owing to what TNVD works with перегрузокй and quicker fails. The increased resistance in the pipeline can become the reason of a podsasyvaniye of air also.

It is not necessary to follow the tastes and one more rather popular belief that additional filters promote water offices from fuel. Actually filters water do not detain, for this purpose there are special settlers separators. The small stopper testifies to existence of such separator from below under the filter. To merge the collected moisture follows approximately through each 3000 km of run. To merge liquid it is necessary until almost pure diesel fuel will begin to flow.

Availability of water in fuel also causes white clouds of exhaust gases. Some modern diesel cars have the indicator on the dashboard which will report that in fuel there is a water. If the indicator lit up, better, without postponing for later, to stop, muffle the motor and to merge liquid from a separator. If necessary it is possible to repeat procedure. If after that the indicator does not want to die away, that, possibly, a problem in electric chains of system of indication of availability of water in fuel. To try to correct something in them quickly it is not necessary, it is better обраться in car-care center.

It happens also such that gradually hooting engine suddenly unexpectedly becomes silent. The most trivilny council which as it is strange, helps with many "heavy" cases – be convinced that in a tank still there is a diesel fuel. If business is worse, and really something occurred, it is necessary to remember, whether was any sharp sound before the engine broke off. Such sound accompanies break of a belt of the gas-distributing mechanism. If so, it is better not to try to scroll the motor – consequences can be destructive.

The same air in fuel system can become other reason of a sudden stop of the motor. It is possible to try to connect directly the fuel pump to any capacity with diesel fuel. If the engine starts to work, the reason is found. At any problems with the fuel pump it is best of all to address to experts, without trusting repair to doubtful mechanics.

When TNVD is excluded from probable responsible for troubles, it is possible to try to weaken unions on nozzles. If during attempts to start the engine from under them diesel fuel starts to follow a pulsing stream, it means that faulty nozzles do not provide normal intake of fuel in combustion chambers. Probably, you will notice that tumbled down a black smoke of an exhaust is one of signs of lag of a needle in a nozzle. Fuel starts to arrive uncontrollable in the cylinder, and the black exhaust is caused by its incomplete combustion.

And one more – it is not necessary to go dashingly through deep pools. Masters often should see the motors of diesel cars crippled after such bathing. Water from a pool gets to the combustion chamber, and the strongest hydrodynamic blow bends even the strongest rods!